Basics of essay writing
Wednesday, August 26, 2020
Analyse the change process during the takeover of Cadbury by Kraft and Essay
Investigate the change procedure during the takeover of Cadbury by Kraft and basically assess the administration of that change procedure - Essay Example At the point when Kraft took over Cadbury, this was a significant change that was problematic to the Cadbury association, which had suggestions for the all the partners in question. Remembered for the partners was the UK government, which reprimanded the association for covering a plant that it vowed to keep open. The laborers felt work weakness. Be that as it may, the change was not all awful, as the two organizations picked up piece of the overall industry all through the world. This article will inspect the progressions that were made, including the errors that Kraft made, and how the change influenced all the partners in question. Cadbury Nature of Change The triggers for change The triggers and powers advancing the change was that Kraft, in September of 2009, offered a takeover for Cadbury, esteeming it at the time at ?10.2 billion (Wearden, 2010). This offer was at first dismissed. Kraft inevitably went antagonistic without an adjustment in wording, regardless of the way that C adbury increased its deals and net revenues, alongside a notice that the firm, Cadbury, would lose its exceptional culture if Kraft took it over. At long last, regardless of Cadbury's protection from the takeover, Cadbury's board prescribed that the firm be offered to Kraft for ?12 billion (Wearden, 2010). The triggers for change, for this situation, was that Kraft needed to extend its image, and Cadbury was battling in the commercial center. In applying the models of progress, one of the relevant models is that of Lewinââ¬â¢s Force Field Model. In this model, an association is plagued by main thrusts on one side and opposing powers on the other. Change agitates the harmony of the organization, and the main impetuses for change are openings and dangers (Lewin, 1951). The main impetus for this situation was Kraftââ¬â¢s will to get the organization, using any and all means, since it needed to grow its piece of the overall industry. The opposing powers came when Cadbury over and again dismissed Kraftââ¬â¢s offers, and, at last, Kraft needed to take the organization in an antagonistic takeover (Wearden, 2010). The open door that was spoken to by change was that the two organizations could pick up piece of the overall industry. The dangers was that Kraftââ¬â¢s takeover would undermine employments, and would make laborers, and the UK government, feel unreliable about the eventual fate of the Cadbury organization. Another model that is material is Lewinââ¬â¢s Ice Cube model. This expect there must be a progress express, that is the unfreezing of peopleââ¬â¢s convictions â⬠convictions are solidified, and they should unfreeze for there to be change. The current state is the solidified conviction framework, while the ideal state is the thing that happens after the convictions are unfrozen, change happens, and there is another ideal express that replaces the old conviction framework (Lewin, 1951). This is pertinent in the Kraft case, as individuals in the Cadbury firm had a specific corporate culture and conviction framework, which is clarified underneath, and they needed to figure out how to embrace another culture which was forced by Kraft.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Comparing Choice in One Hundred Years of Solitude and Thousand Cranes :: comparison compare contrast essays
Decision in One Hundred Years of Solitude and Thousand Cranes à à The issue of decision emerges when looking at Gabriel Marquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude and Yasunari Kawabata's Thousand Cranes. The men in every novel perpetually appear to rehash the lives of their male predecessors. These cycles uncover that man as a being, much the same as the legendary saints, has no evident decision in a definitive course his life will take. The male characters' self-improvement is eclipsed by the personality of their predecessors. à â â â â â â â â â â Since the very beginning, man has clung to the thought that there exists some outer power that decides his predetermination. In Grecian occasions, the epic artist Hesoid composed of a triumvirate of legendary Fates that as far as anyone knows gave to men during childbirth shrewd and great to have. As it were, these three conceded man his fate. Clotho spun the string of life, Lacheis circulated the parts, and Atropos with his despised shears would cut the string at death(Hamilton-43). All endeavors to maintain a strategic distance from the Fates were futile. For each situation their sentence would in the long run be conveyed. Also, it creates the impression that once the Fates' voting form had been thrown, the characters in Greek legends got no opportunity for reclamation. One must think about whether man, similar to the Greeks depicted, has any genuine decision in deciding how he lives. That issue of decision emerges when looking at Gabriel Marquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude and Yasunari Kawabata's Thousand Cranes. The men in Yasunari Kawabata's Thousand Cranes and Gabriel Garcia Marquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude always appear to rehash the lives of their male precursors. These cycles uncover that man as a being, much the same as the legendary saints, has no obvious decision in a definitive course his life will take. The male characters' self-improvement is dominated by the personality of their precursors. Clotho, it shows up, has reused a portion of her turning string. The new male ages, hastily, are seen to be woven of like plan. Kikuji Mitani and the male Buendia's face networks that recall their progenitors. Subsequently, their extraordinary networks coincidentally contrast the activities of the children with their individual dads', having perceived the obvious similitudes. Obscured by his dad's atmosphere, inside his town, Kikuji's character has no d ifferent definition. To most townsfolk, similar to those at Chikako's tea function, Kikuji exists as Old Mr. Mitani's son(16). He and his dad are in this manner saw as basically a similar individual.
Sunday, August 16, 2020
There are Certain Things You Cant Prepare for Prior to Studying Abroad
There are Certain Things You Cant Prepare for Prior to Studying Abroad There are certain things you canât prepare for prior to studying abroad. Being in the near-direct path of a super typhoon is one of them. Itâs roughly 9:30am on Wednesday, Sept. 12, and Iâm sitting in the back row of my organizational behavior lecture. Iâve been in Hong Kong for the better part of two weeks at this point. The professor starts class and says something to the effect of âI donât know if youâve heard yet but thereâs probably going to be a typhoon coming this weekend. I hope our class doesnât get canceled on Monday. I seemed to recall from my freshman year ATMS 100 class that a typhoon is the same thing as a hurricane, but occurs in the Pacific Ocean as opposed to the Atlantic. I do a quick google search to confirm. My next search is âtyphoon Hong Kongâ, and I go to the news section to skim through a few articles. I see phrases like super typhoon (this one is called Manghkut), strongest winds on record, and potential level 10 warning (whatever that means, but it definitely didnât sound great). How could my professor cover such news in about 15 seconds, and then promptly move on to how attitudes impact performance in the workplace? Surely thereâs more to talk about than maybe class gets canceled Monday, but I hope not. Regardless, I read more articles and decide I need to investigate this issue further on the ground. After class, I ask a few local classmates about typhoons in Hong Kong. They also seem to not be concerned, as typhoons apparently tend to reach the region every year, and Hong Kong has developed infrastructure to withstand these storms. I remain on edge. As the week progresses, however, the mood on campus shifts from an early semester ease to anxious preparation. More news comes out, indicating that the stormâs winds and proximity to Hong Kong could make it the strongest to hit the region ever. As in, of all recorded typhoons to reach Hong Kong (and there have been a few), this would be the worst one. The school announces that the canteens and restaurants will be closed all day Sunday. Fusion, the on-campus grocery store, canât keep up with the demand for water, ramen, and other non-perishables. Fast forward to Sunday morning. Outside of my dorm window trees were beginning to bend under the weight of the storm, and when I step out into the hall thereâs a constant whistle from the wind entering any small window gap missed during preparation. To get a little better perspective here: the entire campus is built into the side of a mountain, and the dorms are built so that half of the rooms face the mountain, and half face the bay (the picture below should help). I am one of the unlucky ones who wake up to a view of the trees as opposed to the bay. But, on the day of Mangkhut, I felt fortunate as those facing the bay faced significant water damage and electrical outages throughout the storm. Birds eye view of campus, where you can see the dorm rooms facing the mountain (left side). The storm lasts all day, and while many trees are uprooted and the road closest to the bay was ripped up, everyone ends up safe. Turns out, the locals were right, this campus was built for storms like this. Classes are canceled on Monday, likely to the chagrin of my org behavior professor, but we resume business as usual on Tuesday. Or something like that. Because while no one on campus was injured, we were all effectively paralyzed during the days leading up to and including the storm. The barely established routines of faculty and students (myself certainly included) had been thrown well off course. Everything that wasnât Mangkhut related had to grind to a halt for those days, and then reboot into both physical and metaphorical cleanup mode as soon as the storm passed. A sampling of the damage done on campus So, how did enduring a super typhoon enrich my study abroad experience? The snap reaction I had was that it hadnât. It dismantled a lot of the progress that I had made in developing roots on campus. It made me uncomfortable, anxious, and frustrated. But thatâs kind of the whole point of studying abroad. Expanding my comfort zone must include periods of, well, feeling uncomfortable. And discounting the experience as an aberration or a freak incident would be the same as discounting all of the other once-in-a-lifetime experiences that occur pretty frequently here. Iâd never experienced anything like it, was forced to adjust, and now have the experience to look back on and use as somewhat of a reference for what I am capable of going forward. I must apologize for the lack of content this semester, but thatâs going to change. I will start using this blog again as an outlet for recounting and reflecting further on my experience here. I hope you enjoy it. Talk soon. Steven Class of 2019 Iâm from New Canaan, Connecticut. I'm studying Management Entrepreneurship in the Gies College of Business and Political Science in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences.
Sunday, May 24, 2020
Essay on Metaphors for Death in Shakespeares Sonnet 73
Metaphors for Death in Shakespeares Sonnet 73 William Shakespeares Sonnet 73: That Time of Year Thou Mayest in Me Behold is a sonnet that examines the fears and anxieties that surround growing old and dying -- a topic that resonates within us all. Shakespeares use of metaphor to illustrate decay and passing are striking, and sets a somber tone throughout. He uses the season of Fall, the coming of night, and the burning out of a flame as metaphors for old age and death, and then uses the last two lines to suggest that we should love and cherish life while we can. The first four lines of the sonnet reflect the changing of seasons, and the oncoming of Fall: That time of year thou mayest in me behold, When yellowâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Shakespeare uses lines five through eight of the sonnet to describe the closing of a day, and the onset of night: In me thou seest the twilight of such day, As after Sunset fadeth in the West, Which by and by black night doth take away, Deaths second self that seals up all in rest. Like the season of Fall, the twilight of a day is a metaphor for the passing of time. Each new day can be seen as a life itself. Each morning and afternoon -- when the day is young -- is a life full of possibilities and opportunities. Then twilight approaches, and the day is done, only to be followed by sleep -- or as Shakespeare calls it, Deaths second self. Lines nine through twelve describe the dying out of a flame -- the final extinguishing of a light: In me thou seest the glowing of such fire, That on the ashes of his youth doth lie, As the death bed, whereon it must expire, Consumed with that which it was nourished by. This final metaphor is of death, and a reminder that all things must end. Shakespeare compares a flame dancing on the ashes of his youth to that of a person lying on his deathbed, where both must expire. In this sonnet, Shakespeare uses metaphor to create a vivid image in the readers mind of the passage of time, old age, and death by describing the Fall season, the end of a day, and the burning out of a flame.Show MoreRelated Metaphorically Speaking ââ¬â Sonnet 73 Essays857 Words à |à 4 PagesSpeaking ââ¬â Sonnet 73à à à Love is a blanket of bright and colorful flowers that covers a beautifully rolling meadow on a breezy summer day. Similar metaphorical images appear in many famous poems including Shakespeares Sonnet 73. The metaphor is the most basic device poets use to convey meanings beyond literal speech (Guth 473). Shakespeares use of metaphors in this sonnet conveys his theme of the inescapable aging process. Shakespeare establishes and extends a metaphor that illuminatesRead MoreEssay on The Sonnet Genre Combining with Figurative Language1904 Words à |à 8 PagesThe Sonnet Genre Combining with Figurative Language Compare how the conventions of the sonnet genre combine with figurative language to create meaning in at least two texts. Originating in Italy, the sonnet was established by Petrarch in the 14th century as a major form of love poetry, and came to be adopted in England in the 16th century (Oxford Literary terms). Overtime there have been different types of sonnets written, for example the Italian (Petrarchan) sonnet, the English (Shakespearean)Read MoreExplication Of Sonnet 731713 Words à |à 7 PagesBritish literary community and his pieces are still read and enjoyed today. Shakespeare is also known to have written a collection of poems which are sonnets. This essay will consist of a close reading to William Shakespeareââ¬â¢s sonnet 73 which deals with the theme of life, death and aging. The sonnet constructs a complex idea that the themes of life and death can be connected together. The poem contains three quatrains and one couplet. The poem has an iambic pentameter and has multiple rhyming schemesRead More A Comparison of Romantic Love in Shakespeares Sonnets As You Like It2069 Words à |à 9 PagesShakespeares Sonnets Romantic Love in As You Like It à à à à Shakespeares comedy As You Like It is clearly a pastoral comedy with a country setting, a theme revolving around love and a story which consists of a series of accidental meetings between characters and a resolution involving transformations of characters and divine intervention.à The comedy involves the traditional literary device of moving urban characters into the country where they have to deal with life in a different mannerRead MoreEssay on Amer. Lit2033 Words à |à 9 PagesPossible Essay Questions: 1. Consider the imagery used in Shakespeareââ¬â¢s assigned sonnets, Herrickââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"To the Virgins,â⬠and Marvellââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"To His Coy Mistress.â⬠Although their images differ, what do all these poets seem to be saying about time? Be specific when referring to the poems. The imagery is very different, but all of the poems and poets seem to be saying time is important in life. In Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Sonnet 18 he says, ââ¬Å"And every fair from fair sometime declines,â⬠when explaining the inevitableRead MoreLady Macbeth by William Shakespeare1086 Words à |à 5 Pageswar hero, whilst Lady Macbeth prays up on his exceptional being of vaulting ambition. Throughout the essay, the factors influence Macbethââ¬â¢s downfall will be explored. The witches participate significantly in the ruin of the vulnerable hero, Macbeth. Macbeth indeed was a noble warrior and has been recognize by the king as his ââ¬Å"valiant cousin, worthy gentlemanâ⬠The word ââ¬Ëvaliant cousinââ¬â¢ is the metaphor uses by Duncan as he reveals his appreciation of Macbeth in his braveness to defeat Norway in warRead MoreClassification of Literature3483 Words à |à 14 PagesOF LITERATURE I. Divisions of Literature Literature Prose Poetry Fiction Nonfiction Dramatic Narrative Lyric Drama Short Story Novel Tale Fable Myth Legends Folktales Essay Biography Autobiography Diary History Chronicle News Anecdote Tragedy Comedy Opera Operetta Ballad Epic Metrical Tale Metrical Romance Ode Sonnet Song Elegy POINT OF COMPARISON | PROSE | POETRY | Form | Paragraph | Verse | Language | Words and rhythms of ordinary and everyday language | Metrical, rhythmical, figurativeRead Morethatcher4803 Words à |à 20 Pages2. William Shakespeare, Sonnets 1-7 3. John Donne, ââ¬Å"Valediction Forbidding Mourningâ⬠, ââ¬Å"The Fleaâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Hymn to God, My God in my Sicknessâ⬠4. George Herbert, ââ¬Å"The Collarâ⬠, ââ¬Å"The Altarâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Love IIIâ⬠5. Andrew Marvell, ââ¬Å"To his Coy Mistressâ⬠6. T.S. Eliot, ââ¬Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrockâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Journey of the Magiâ⬠2. Poems for individual reading: 1. William Shakespeare Sonnet 73 (ââ¬Å"That time of yearâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ) 2. John Donne, ââ¬Å"Holy Sonnet Iâ⬠(ââ¬Å"Thou hast made meâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ), ââ¬Å"Holy Sonnet IXâ⬠(ââ¬Å"If poisonous mineralsâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ )Read MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words à |à 47 Pagesattitudes emergence of ethnic writers and women writers Style: ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ narratives: both fiction and nonfiction anti-heroes concern with connections between people emotion-provoking humorous irony storytelling emphasized autobiographical essays Effect: ï⠷ too soon to tell Historical Context: ï⠷ ï⠷ people beginning a new century and a new millennium media culture interprets values Analyzing Poetry: Poetry Tips Analyzing Poetry What is poetry? How is it analyzed? What areRead MoreStudy Guide Literary Terms7657 Words à |à 31 Pagesusually a larger abstract concept or important historical/geopolitical event. Lord of the Flies provides a compelling allegory of human nature, illustrating the three sides of the psyche through its sharply-defined main characters. A form of extended metaphor, in which objects, persons, and actions in a narrative, are equated with the meanings that lie outside the narrative itself. The underlying meaning has moral, social, religious, or political significance, and characters are often personifications
Wednesday, May 13, 2020
The Conflict Of The Niger Delta - 1743 Words
INTRODUCTION TO THE CONFLICT IN THE NIGER DELTA Nigeria is the 7th world largest oil producer and is a major player in the world energy market. Oil and gas is Nigeriaââ¬â¢s main source of revenue. It accounts for about 40% of the Gross Domestic Product and 70% of government revenues (Lawal 2004). Crude oil was first discovered in 1956 by Shell British Petroleum in a small village called Oloibiri present day Bayelsa State. Two years later oil in larger quantities was discovered in Ogoni. The Niger delta region has a population of 28 million people, a coverage of 70,000 square kilometers consisting of 606 fields, 5,284 wells, 7,000 kilometers of pipelines, 10 export terminals, 275 flow stations and a liquefied natural gas sector (Williams 2011). The Niger delta which is Nigeriaââ¬â¢s oil belt has been embroiled in conflict and resistance against the government and multinational oil corporations that extract oil in the region. The Niger delta is highly volatile with insurgent groups controlling the area. Years of oil exploitation, environmental degradation and neglecting by the states has created an impoverished, marginalized and exploited region which has produced resistance form the youth in the Niger delta region. A regime of state repression and corporate violence has further generated popular criminal violence, lawlessness, illegal appropriations and insecurity (Williams 2011). Conflict in the Niger delta arose in the early 1990ââ¬â¢s due to tension between the foreign oilShow MoreRelatedThe Amnesty Program In Nigeria1355 Words à |à 6 Pagesprogram has been unable to engage other macro level changes. For example, it has notproduced the much anticipated security sector reforms, which is crucial in order to develop the type of intelligence that would be proactive in preventing future armed conflict. The Nigerian Police Force, a humongous, monolithic body of law enforcement officers, remains ill-equipped, ill-trained, and ill-funded to provide the much needed service to Nigerian people. Moreover, the task of using one central force to policeRead MoreThe Niger Delta And The Oil Companies1576 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Niger Delta is a region of Nigeria that is very rich in crude oil and gas. Crude oil and gas make up 70% of the country s revenue and 95% of it s export earnings (Ezekoli, 5608). Those percentages are incredibly high and represents large amou nts of money that can be found in the region. However, the people of the Niger Delta never see the wealth that comes from their natural resources. The wealth instead goes to the oil companies set up in the area as well as the pockets of a few elite governmentRead MoreCorruption In Nigeria Essay examples1156 Words à |à 5 PagesHowever, corruption is prevalent in the Niger delta region of Nigeria; public officers in this oil producing state of Nigeria are corrupt. Consequently, it has defied the Niger delta from developing politically and economically which has left the states reputation in a mess. Radicalization of youths, abject poverty and -political instability are the three leading effects of corruption in the Niger delta region of Nigeria. Corruption in the Niger delta region of Nigeria has led to abject povertyRead MoreImpact Of The Nigerian Presidential Amnesty Program1723 Words à |à 7 Pages(Amnesty), a local form of Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR), on crude oil production in Nigeria. The President of Nigeria announced the program on June 25th, 2009 which aimed to put an end to the insurgency crisis experienced in the Niger Delta region, particularly between 2006 - 2009 which had led to an average loss of about 650,000 barrels of crude oil per day (cited in Asuni, 2009) and which had major implications for the government s revenue. Militants were given the opportunity forRead MoreThe Impact Of Oil Exploration On Nigeria1027 Words à |à 5 Pagesproducer in Africa, and currently its most populous country. After the oil discovery in the Niger Delta area of Oloibiri in 1956, the country has had oil has its main income producer. Before this, agriculture had the center stage; it accounted f or 50% of revenue. Most of the oil exploration is done in the Niger Delta;a region thatââ¬â¢s made up of nine states which includes; River, Cross River, AkwaIbom, Delta, Edo, Bayelsa, Imo, Abia, and Ondo. This region has an estimated population of 28 million, amountingRead MoreEssay on Oil Conflict in Nigeria1259 Words à |à 6 PagesOil Conflict in Nigeria Introduction This paper will discuss the Oil conflict that is occurring in Nigeria. Discussed will be the types of power that the two feuding parties are using and whether their strategies have been effective as well as the influence they have had on the conflict. The contrasting cultural differences and similarities will be discussed as well. The conflict in Nigeria has turned deadly and a successful communication environment must be developed in order to restore peaceRead MoreNigerian Development : The Face Of Oil Extraction And How Mncs Such As Shell Essay1593 Words à |à 7 Pageslucrative resource that could arguably catalyze momentum towards economic development, poverty plagues Nigeria and continues to rise despite efforts to forge positive, developmental changes. In fact, areas showing the largest amounts of oil like the Niger Delta happen to be the countryââ¬â¢s most economically marginalized region. A significant impetus of these tumultuous changes has been multinational oil corpor ations like Shell that have been extracting oil in Nigeria since 1956. This paper seeks to examineRead MoreAnalysis Of The Niger Delta And Its Past Struggles With Military Rule Essay1021 Words à |à 5 PagesCase Summary What has occurred in the Niger Delta is linked to its past struggles with military rule transitioning to democratic rule, which often ends in a military regime taking control nonetheless. From the start of its independence, Nigeria has slowly grown in its dependence on oil as itââ¬â¢s main economic revenue stream. Before the discovery of oil, the state had yam and cassava crops, palm oil, rubber, and lumbers that provided economic revenue, though modest (Jike, V.T. 2004). However once oilRead MoreSolutions to the Niger Delta Problems in Nigeria4181 Words à |à 17 PagesSOLUTIONS TO THE NIGER DELTA PROBLEMS IN NIGERIA AN ASSIGNMENT WRITTEN IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE COURSE DVS 512: TECHNOLOGY, ENERGY, NATURAL RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT BY ISU, DORATHY AKWUGO PG/MSC/07/46529 LECTURER: DR. OGAKWU INSTITUTE FOR DEVELOPMENT STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, ENUGU CAMPUS. AUGUST 2009 BACKGROUND The Niger Delta produces the oil wealth which accounts for the bulk of Nigeriaââ¬â¢s foreign earnings. Paradoxically however, these vast revenuesRead MoreThe Niger Delta Struggles: Its Implications for Resource Control.17990 Words à |à 72 PagesTOPIC: THE NIGER DELTA STRUGGLES: ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR RESOURCE CONTROL. A HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY The Niger Delta region, Nigeria s oil belt has been the site of a generalized ethnic and regional struggle for self-determination since 1998, the location of often-violent confrontations between local ethnic communities and agents of the Nigerian state and oil companies involved in the extraction and exploitation of oil in the area. What began as community agitation
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Voice Command Free Essays
Voice Command Reference October 2, 1997 Voice Command Set Technical Reference 3Com ââ¬â U. S. Robotics 1 Voice Command Reference October 2, 1997 V 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Voice Command or any similar topic only for you Order Now 0 V 2. 0 Revision information Initial Release for Sportster Vi modem Amended and updated version. Vi, Voice, Flash and MessagePlus Now covers following Sportsterââ¬â¢s : 3Com ââ¬â U. S. Robotics 2 Voice Command Reference October 2, 1997 1. Global Commands The AT commands in the following sections are global, meaning that they can be issued in any appropriate mode (i. e. , any #CLS setting). For consistency, the command set is divided into action commands and parameters (non-action commands). Those commands, which are action commands (i. e. , those that cause some change in the current operating behavior of the modem) are identified as such, and the remaining commands are parameters. 1. 1 ATA ââ¬â Answering in Voice The answer action command works analogously to the way it works in Data and Fax Modes except for the following: 1. When configured for Voice Mode (#CLS=8), the modem enters Online Voice Command Mode immediately after going off-hook. When the#CLS=8 command is issued, the modem can be programmed to look for 1100 and 1300 Hz calling tones (see #VTD), thus eliminating the need to do so as part of A command processing. After the VCON message is issued, the modem re-enters Online Voice Command Mode while sending any incoming DTMF or Calling Tone indications to the DTE. After answering in Voice Mode (#CLS=8), the DTE, as part of its call discrimination processing, can decide to change the #CLS setting to attempt receiving a fax in Class 1, or to make a data connection. In such a case, the DTE commands the modem to proceed with the data or fax handshake via the A command even though the modem is already off-hook. 1. 1. 1 Parameters: Same as Data and Fax modes. . 1. 2 Result Codes: VCON Issued in Voice Mode (#CLS=8) immediately after going off-hook. 1. 2 ATD ââ¬â Dial Command in Voice The dial action command works analogously to the way it works in Data or Fax modes. When in Voice Mode (#CLS=8): The modem attempts to determine when the remote has picked up the telephone line and once this determination has been made, the VCON message is sent to the DTE. This determination is initially made based up on ringback detection and disappearance. (See #VRA and #VRN commands. ). Once connected in Voice Mode, the modem immediately enters the command state and switches to Online Voice Command Mode that enables unsolicited reporting of DTMF and answer tones to the DTE. 1. 2. 1 Parameters: Same as Data and Fax modes. 1. 2. 2 Result Codes: VCON Issued in Voice Mode (#CLS=8) when the modem determines that the remote modem or handset has gone off-hook, or when returning to the Online Voice Command Mode. (See #VRA and #VRN. ) 3Com ââ¬â U. S. Robotics 3 Voice Command Reference October 2, 1997 NO ANSWER Issued in Voice Mode (#CLS=8) when the modem determines that the remote has not picked up the line before the S7 timer expires. . 3 ATH ââ¬â Hang Up in Voice This command works the same as in Data and Fax modes by hanging up (disconnecting) the telephone line. There are, however, some specific considerations when in Voice Mode: 1. The H command forces #CLS=0, but does not destroy any of the voice parameter settings such as #VBS, #VSP, etc. Therefore, if the DTE wishes to issue an H command and then pursue another voice call, it must issue a subsequent #CLS=8 command, but it neednââ¬â¢t reestablish the voice parameter settings again unless a change in the settings is desired. 2. The #BDR setting is forced back to 0, re-enabling autobaud. . If the #VLS setting is set to select a device which is not, or does not include the telephone line (such as a local handset or microphone), the H command deselects this device and reselects the normal default setting (#VLS =0). Normally, the DTE should not issue the H command while connected to a local device such as a handset, because merely selecting this device results in VCON. The normal sequence of terminating a session with such a device is to use the #VLS command to select the telephone line, which by definition makes sure it is on-hook. . 3. 1 Parameters: Same as Data and Fax modes. 1. 3. 2 Result Codes: Same as Data and Fax modes. 1. 4 ATZ ââ¬â Reset from Voice Mode This command works the same as in Data and Fax modes. In addition, the Z command resets all voice related parameters to default states, forces the #BDR=0 condition (autobaud enabled), and forces the telephone line to be selected with the handset on-hook. No voice parameters are stored in NVRAM so the profile loaded does not affect the voice aspects of this command. 1. 4. 1 Parameters: Same as Data and Fax modes. 1. 4. 2 Result Codes: Same as Data and Fax modes. 1. 5 #BDR ââ¬â Select Baud Rate (Turn off Autobaud) This command forces the modem to select a specific DTE/modem baud rate without further speed sensing on the interface. When a valid #BDR=n command is entered, the OK result code is sent at the current assumed speed. After the OK has been sent, the modem switches to the speed indicated by the #BDR=n command it has just received. When in Online Voice Command Mode and the #BDR setting is nonzero (no autobaud selected), the modem supports a full duplex DTE interface. This means that the DTE can enter commands at any time, even if the modem is in the process of sending a shielded code indicating DTMF detection to the DTE. When in Online Voice Command Mode and the #BDR setting is zero (autobaud selected), shielded code reporting to the DTE is disabled. [Note that when #BDR has been set nonzero, the modem employs the S30 Deadman Timer, and this timer starts at the point where #BDR is set nonzero. If this period 3Com ââ¬â U. S. Robotics 4 Voice Command Reference October 2, 1997 xpires (nominally 60 seconds) with no activity on the DTE interface, the modem reverts to #BDR=0 and #CLS=0. ] 1. 5. 1 Parameters: n = 0 ââ¬â 48 (New baud rate is n*2400 bps) Default: 0 1. 5. 2 Result Codes: OK ERROR 1. 5. 3 If n = 0 ââ¬â 48. Otherwise. Command options: #BDR? Returns the current setting of the #BDR command as an ASCII decimal value in result code format. #BDR=? Returns a message indicating the speeds that are supported. #BDR=0 Enables autobaud dete ction on the DTE interface. #BDR=n Where 1 How to cite Voice Command, Papers
Monday, May 4, 2020
Website Review and Summary free essay sample
Website Review and Summary Website Review and Summary On all the websites including local, state, and the national it is proof of how teen pregnancy has declined in the past several years. How each site is expressing awareness as the most important issue to decrease these numbers is overwhelming. Each site gives valuable information on how many teens have been pregnant in the last several years along with information based on types of diseases each person can get from having non-protective sex. Adoption is another aspect all government types draw awareness too. Types of structure between all levels of government All levels national, state, and local are working to bring teen pregnancy down. Every site spoke of how to continue to decline pregnancy rates. Each level of government has started years ago taking steps of teen awareness. Making teens aware of not only pregnancy but what can happen with teen pregnancies is a big step all levels of governments are taking. We will write a custom essay sample on Website Review and Summary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Functions at each level of government agencies Each level of government is taking every step possible to decline pregnancy among teens. Each level is also worried about AIDs or other diseases which may be contracted during sexual intercourse. On each website there was talk of how teen pregnancy not only affects the teens yet the baby as well. On several sites it was brought to attention of how adoption can be an option. All levels of government are expressing how many people are looking to adopt and how teens can make a difference by giving their babies up for adoption rather than try to raise a baby while they are still growing themselves. Teens that have babies cost the country more money because she normally uses the counties money to help raise her child. This money the girls are using is making for higher rates for each county. These girls are normally to your to work and raise the child themselves. Each level of government is basing all on teen pregnancy awareness. Levels of Government working together Each level of government is working together by using awareness to target teens. From the national down to local government, focus on finding new ways to get the information to the teens. Each level of government agencies work together, to educate most importantly at school. The government agencies focus on getting this information out on any basis necessary. Public and community health Public and community health on the all is better than it has been since 1991. There are a few states which are still having problems with teen pregnancy at large. These states include: Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Georgia (Kost, Henshaw, Carlin). All these states are still on the high percentage side, due of teen pregnancy. The government agencies should not lose concentration on the states which are doing well, yet focus harder on these states which are on the high end of teen pregnancy still. Most states have dropped significantly over the past. Since 1991 the number nationwide has dropped by 40 percent (Pregnant teen help). Every agency should continue awareness. This process has seemed to work well over the years making teens aware not only at school yet being able to access any of this information online. All this information is very structured and broad based informational to all teen awareness. Making teens aware of how much teen pregnancy could be accountable for deaths among babies and preeclampsia to name a few. All the diseases one can get just by having unprotected sex are also widely recognized. Each site is very expressive on all this information. Conclusion Federal funding is on the rise to prevent teen pregnancy. Each type of government expresses how much awareness means to this cause through education, media, events, and other resources (Dutro, N. ). Since 1991 the numbers have dropped dramatically. Government agencies believe this is due to awareness that each agency has developed to make teens aware. All agencies not only make teens aware of the circumstances which may result in sexual intercourse, yet there are ways to expand beyond this. The adoption issue is stated on each governmental agencies site letting teens know of their options. Teen pregnancy is declining yet there are more options to let teens know how much more can happen besides pregnancy. On this subject agencies are doing a wonderful job, yet there are always options to do more. Let us save our teens and their childhood and step up together with overnment agencies to keep our teens from making these mistakes in their lives. References Dutro, N. (4-10-2010). Area agencies tackling teen pregnancy rate. Retrieved from http://www. pcsao. org/2005Factbook/SENECA%20COUNTY. pdf Kost, K. , Henshaw, S. , Carlin L. (2010). U. S. teenage pregnancies, births and abortions, National and State Trends and Trends by race and ethnicity. Retrieved from http://www. guttmacher. org/pubs/USTPtrends. pdf Teenage pregnancy statistics 2009. (6-14-2011) Pregnant teen help. Retrieved from http://www. pregnantteenhelp. org
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